Volvo Cars' adjusted gross margin for the third quarter was 14.7%, compared to 20.4% in the same period last year; the adjusted profit margin before interest and tax was -5.6%, compared to 6.7% for the same period last year.

Volvo Cars' adjusted gross margin for the third quarter was 14.7%, compared to 20.4% in the same period last year; the adjusted profit margin before interest and tax was -5.6%, compared to 6.7% for the same period last year.